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Android 移动端获取设备MAC Demo

上传者： duanchuanzhi | 上传时间： 2025-07-03 11:22:16 | 文件大小： 12.2MB | 文件类型： ZIP
在Android平台上，开发移动应用时有时需要获取设备的物理MAC（Media Access Control）地址，这在设备定位、网络连接管理或者其他需要唯一标识设备的场景中非常有用。MAC地址是网络接口控制器（NIC）的硬件地址，它在通信过程中用于唯一识别网络节点。然而，由于隐私保护原因，Android系统在不同版本中对直接获取MAC地址做了限制。 在“Android 移动端获取设备MAC Demo”中，我们将探讨如何在Android系统中，特别是在Android 8.0之前，有效地获取和使用MAC地址。以下是一些关键知识点： 1. **Android权限**：在Android 6.0（API级别23）及以上版本，获取MAC地址需要申请`ACCESS_WIFI_STATE`权限。在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加如下代码： ```xml ``` 2. **WiFiManager**：Android提供了一个名为`WifiManager`的系统服务，可以用来获取WiFi相关的信息，包括MAC地址。通过`Context.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE)`可以获取到`WifiManager`的实例。 3. **获取MAC地址**：在Android 8.0之前，可以直接通过`WifiManager`的`getMacAddress()`方法获取MAC地址。示例代码如下： ```java WifiManager wifiManager = (WifiManager) getSystemService(WIFI_SERVICE); String macAddress = wifiManager.getConnectionInfo().getMacAddress(); ``` 4. **Android 8.0及之后的限制**：从Android 8.0（API级别26）开始，系统返回的`getMacAddress()`会是`null`或一个随机值，因为出于隐私考虑，系统不再允许应用程序直接访问真实的MAC地址。开发者需要寻找替代方案，如使用`BluetoothAdapter`的`getAddress()`来获取蓝牙MAC地址，但请注意蓝牙MAC地址并不能完全代替WiFi MAC。 5. **模拟MAC地址**：在无法直接获取MAC地址的情况下，可以考虑使用设备的IMEI（国际移动设备识别码）或其他系统唯一标识符作为替代。不过，IMEI也需要`READ_PHONE_STATE`权限，并且在某些设备上可能不可用。 6. **WIFI状态检查**：在获取MAC地址之前，可能需要确保WiFi处于开启状态。可以通过`WifiManager.isWifiEnabled()`来检查，如果关闭则可以使用`WifiManager.setWifiEnabled(true)`尝试开启。 7. **处理异常情况**：考虑到权限问题和Android版本差异，代码中应该包含异常处理和适配逻辑，确保在各种情况下程序都能稳定运行。 在“GainMac”这个项目中，很可能包含了实现上述功能的源代码示例，你可以通过阅读和学习这些代码来了解如何在实际项目中应用这些知识点。通过这个Demo，开发者可以理解如何在Android环境下优雅地处理MAC地址的获取和使用，以及在新版本系统中的适应性调整。

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